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Technology in education - Specificity of the practice of literacy and literacy

1. INTRODUCTION

People play since primitive societies. All people in all times, told with the games as an important part of educating children, especially young children. Miller Huizinga (1996) speaks of the ability to play: "This is as important as the reasoning and the construction of images and imagination.

The game naturally contributes to the prosperity of the social group, the child plays games in the most perfect seriousness. "Complete stating that" The game is actually older than the culture, because it even in their least restrictive settings, always presupposes the human society. "

Today we know that playing is learning and, if such actions are not proportionate with the focus of learning, will not promote the satisfactory development of the child. The child takes possession of knowledge that will enable its action on the environment in which it is, through play.
The research aims to develop a reflection on the importance of play and play virtual. We know it is mainly occurring in childhood the first social contacts the child has with other groups in addition to their family.

However, the contemporary world is expanding that universe. Virtual games facilitate student motivation, the novelty and the inexhaustible possibilities of interaction they offer. We have noticed that and interfere with the motivation, especially if the teacher does so in a climate of trust.

Offer moments for children to develop, build multiple concepts, enabled so enjoyable and pleasant can generate even more interest, especially if there is trust, making thus your reality. The need to better understand the processes of literacy / literacy of children is justified by the constitutive role that language is the creation of subjects and therefore the importance of continuing revisions in working practices with the language at school. It is, also, the possibility of generating support for new research in the direction of a social theory of literacy and literacy.

Miller (2008) discusses the issue of changes in the world of childhood play and explains that with the advent of new information technologies and communication, the school needs to monitor the process of modernization. The play has been changed due to the decrease of traditional games. This fact leads us to realize a large tear in the routine of these children, especially the lack of security to play in the streets. Today, conditions seem unfit to perform street tricks. Because of these changes in society, the games have become increasingly virtual, which is worth saying that this is less efficient. This really changes what we thought previously, given the interactive capability demonstrated by digital technologies, as stated in the Country:

"The successful use of computers as a technology that can promote the development of intelligence depends on the way, the relationship between the User and the information contained in the program he used. The more interactive the relationship, the greater the possibilities of enriching the conditions for producing knowledge. This is one of the main arguments to justify the importance of the study of interactivity in the context of integration of computers in education. "(SIAP, 2005, p. 144).

When considering the issue of literacy, we find greater meaning in the ideas of Xavier (2008), for the acquisition of alphabetic literacy is essential to those who want to live well in societies that value the writing, the challenge to win new dimension with the digital world, particularly with new virtual texts. Traditional literacy - reading, writing and arithmetic - it is mere assumption, since no child does not use the computer for not knowing how to read and write.

"Literacy is a cultural practice, social and historical precedence, which allows the individual to seize the advantages and thus effectively participate and decide, as a citizen of his time, the fate of the community to which it belongs and traditions, habits and customs with which he identifies. The ability to see beyond the limits of the code, make connections with information outside the written or spoken text and link them to their historical, social, and political characteristics are of a fully literate person. "The play provides an opportunity for the child to explore, learn the language and solve problems." (KISHIMOTO, 2002, p. 15)

The younger the child, the more your future will be conditioned by digital literacy. The school must respect this right to learn of the child, so that they can prepare for the real world, which will live as an adult. Therefore, it is necessary to observe what role does play in the formation of cultures and what its function . In Homo Ludens, Huizinga expresses the view that "the game is inherent to human beings." It is a reality that corresponds to the original one of the more primitive notions and deeply rooted in all human reality. The essence of the game lies in its intensity, fascination and ability to excite, expressing themselves through rhythm and harmony. "

2. BACKGROUND

The increasing use of new technological tools like the computer and the Internet in social life, has required of children learning behavior and specific reasoning. For this reason, some scholars are beginning to talk on the emergence of a new type, model or type of literacy, which is called digital literacy.

This new literacy, they said that the need of individuals master a set of mental skills and information that should be dealt with urgently by the institutions in order to enable the fastest possible for students to live as true citizens of this new millennium each increasingly surrounded by electronic and digital machines.

Many activities of modern life are changing with the emergence of new communication technologies. These changes have influenced the teaching-learning process, leading many educators to reflect on the consequences of these technologies and these practices can bring to society.
Literacy is related to the acquisition of knowledge that constitute the literary culture. The social practices that involve writing and also the dialogue between the knowledge of life, constitute the beginning of our cultural identity.

3. PROBLEM

Entering the technology in the school routine of early childhood education for children between 3 and 6 years?

4. EVENT

Computers tend to develop skills such as independence and autonomy in learning, emotional and intellectual openness, concern for global events, freedom of speech and convictions, curiosity, immediacy and immediacy in finding solutions to the problems of everyday school life.

Whereas the use of educational games might be an additional resource in the processes of learning and human development, it is possible to believe that the combination of technology and teacher as a mediator, effectively extending deem to literacy in early childhood education.

5. OBJECTIVES

5.1. General
To evaluate the possible advantages of using fun games aimed at early childhood and family in order to discuss theoretical aspects of computer integration and pedagogical support in using programs such as teaching resources.

5.2. Specific
Include mechanisms that can lead to the development of children between 3 and 6 years in child education, enhancing the building of skills and attitudes, increasing the chances of researching, choosing, locating information, create and participate by widening the space of learning environments and expanding opportunities for handling games.

6. REVIEW

6.1. Literacy and Literacy

To accompany these daring apprentice of the digital generation, the teacher also has to change their profile and their teaching. The teacher now needs to be a virtual browser.

The types of literacies change because they are situated in history and are attached to each change of the technological, social, political, economic or cultural in a given society. Moreover, the literacies are also modified by social institutions.

In this process, there is one type of literacy is the other as a starting point, ie, the letter is serving to support the learning of computer literacy:

The social practices and events are often mediated and enforced by genres oral, written, and now also digital ones. These assume an essential character of the specific activities in literacy, as what kinds of literacy is a part of the study of genres of text, to see how they are produced, used and adapted to each situation experienced by an individual belonging to a given community that is in constant process of interaction between its membros.Por this reason do we say that the advent of the Internet is contributing to the emergence of social practices and literacy events unpublished, as well as to bring out text genres, so far, never seen or studied. Computing devices available today in digital communication allow the creation of social forms and communication technologies that are born only by the extensive use of new technologies. (XAVIER)

The digital literacy is an educational need. Educators need to support innovative educational initiatives and effective in its various educational spaces (classrooms and environments of digital technology, for example), to meet the challenges being posed today: the insertion in the digital environment.

Assuming that the theoretical analysis in psychology of education, are heading, directly or indirectly, to offer alternatives to a pedagogical action that best responds to the socio-educational reality conditioned by the current historical moment, it is hoped that this discussion does not end here. First, we want to continue it in the reflections of psychologists, educators and all who are committed to the construction of a new man, a new society. (PALANGANA, 1994, p.154)

We can say that computer literacy, which is held by the extensive use of new information technologies and communication and the acquisition and mastery of various genres, digital seems to satisfy both the demands of those who believe in the functionality and usefulness of any literacy can provide individuals who get to act in a society.

Before joining the school, the child is already in contact with an important means literacy: the environment that surrounds it, with a thousand shapes, colors and images. However, for this environment to become an effective literacy tool, the child must be prepared to see it and your sense of observation and curiosity to be aroused. She needs to realize that the social value of writing is communication. (RUSSO, 1993, p. 16)

6.2. Technology in Early Childhood Education

In the last two decades of the twentieth century witnessed great changes both in the socioeconomic and political consensus in culture, science and technology.

Education works with the written language and our culture today, lives with a new language, television and information technology, particularly the language of the Internet. The culture of the paper is perhaps the greatest obstacle to the intensive use of the Internet. Therefore, children who have not yet fully internalized the culture adapt more easily than adults to use the computer. They are already born with this new culture, digital culture. "Education is placed facing a new challenge, given the fast pace of information society is the introduction of computers at school." (Amaral, 1984 apud TAILLE LA, 1990, p. 80)

The full development of children: intelligence, sensitivity, ethical and aesthetic sense, personal responsibility, spirituality, independent and critical thinking, imagination, creativity, initiative. For this, we should not neglect any of the potential of each individual. Learning can not only be logical-mathematical and linguistic. It must be integral:

"According to Piaget, the development of intelligence is focused on the balance, and intelligence is adaptation. The man was always looking for a better adaptation to the environment. Thus we can understand the importance of play for child development. Through play the child takes possession of knowledge that will enable its action on the environment in which it is. "(MARANHÃO, 2007, p. 18)

Using the computer as a resource in the period of early childhood education prevails form not only an individual listener and, yes, participant, not accepting the results predetermined, which is argumentative.

6.3. The Playful Learning and Development

The playfulness is the subject in focus that has become increasingly more popular especially in early childhood education. The toy is the essence of childhood and its use to educational work, which enables the production of knowledge, learning and development. "The act of play is a first level of knowledge construction, the level of intuitive thinking, still cloudy, but already points to a direction." (KISHIMOTO, 2002, P. 144)

Regardless of age, culture and social class, games and toys are part of the child's life, because they live in a world of fantasy, wonderment, joy, dreams, in which reality and pretend become confused.

The novelty may contribute significantly to the development of human beings, be it of any age, helping not only in learning but also in social, cultural and personnel, facilitating the process of socialization, communication, construction and expression of thought.
Clearly the importance of "playful" as games, toys and games for the development and learning of children.

The play and play acts are indispensable to physical, emotional and intellectual and were always there. Through them, the child develops language, thought, socialization, initiative and self-esteem, preparing to be a citizen capable of facing challenges and participate in building a better world.

The game in its various forms, aids in the teaching-learning, the development of fine motor and large, as well as the development of thinking skills such as imagination, interpretation, decision making, creativity, raising hypotheses, gather and organize data and the application of facts and principles to new situations which, in turn, happens when we play, when we obey the rules, when we experience conflict in a competition.

The school, to Piaget (1975) is from the forms of assimilation of the child, offering challenging activities causing imbalances and reequilibrações successive promoting the discovery and knowledge construction. The playfulness is so important for the mental health of human beings is an area that deserves attention from parents and educators, it is the room for most genuine expression of self, is the space and the right of all child to pursue the emotional relationship with the world, with people and with objects.

7. METHODOLOGY

The resources used to bolster research in theory, will be the references and technologically, will be the Internet, using me these resources as a foundation for my qualitative research, descriptive.

The New Technologies of Information and Communication in educational settings, mainly from the use of games, are essential in the educational processes and human development. Whereas the school can not be oblivious of the emerging technologies, we integrate them so that, with the interactivity offered by them and allied with the games, we can make the process of teaching-learning process more efficient, attractive, interactive and meaningful. The Internet is exploding in education, we find various types of educational applications: dissemination, research, education support and communication.

It is important that the teacher be aware of the pace of each student. The teacher does not, he follows, he suggests, encourages questions, learn with the student.
Teach using New Technologies becomes the professor than the conventional. The teacher is the coordinator of the process, the person in the classroom. His first task is to sensitize students, motivate them, showing enthusiasm.

The Internet is a technology that facilitates the students' motivation, the novelty and the possibilities endless search offering. This motivation is increased if the teacher does in a climate of trust, openness, warmth with the students. Institutions such as the family, school and religion are still the primary source of education and moral training of children, but the influence of media is also present through them. Today a child's imagination is exploited by brands and logos at an earlier age, which are the icons of consumption. Of course you realize that this colonization of the symbolic propaganda will influence the cultural and spiritual development of children.

8. EXPECTED

To achieve the research objectives and get the information and data will be essential to use the consultation literature. Because it is necessary to obtain a theoretical foundation to deepen the theme chosen, so it can get advice and ascertain the level of knowledge about the subject matter of the teachers working in the field of work related to child rearing, laying foundations for the implementation and testing later.

The child education and family should consider using technology as a partner additional recreational and use it properly, with supervision to work in development and child learning, with greater awareness to demystify the role of "play", which is not just a hobby, but an object of great value in learning and development of children, never leaving aside the importance of a good toy that invites children to play.

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